Chapter 27: 27 Battle of Lushun (1)
Volume 6: Rising and Falling · Chapter 27
"Quoting Confucius again! Can't you say something from Marx?" Anqing College of Politics and Law was an old domestic school. On September 27th, facing the National Day, the school was about to go on holiday. Most of the students were from out of town, so they were preparing to celebrate the national situation. Because of the opposition to extravagance and waste, even though the student union prepared a celebration, there was no special content. The bulletin boards were done long ago, and the students were moving freely in the office. Student Union President Chen Shaoyu looked at the People's Party newspaper and said very disdainfully, "Can't you use Europe or Russia as an example for metaphors? Confucius, a representative figure of the slave-owner era, what is there not to negate?"
"Didn't we already say a while ago that Confucius has no ideological relationship with the Shandong Kong family, nor with Confucianism? Confucius existed before them, not after them. There is no reason to ask Confucius to endorse them." Student Union Vice President Zhang Yingao answered while reading the newspaper.
The newspaper detailed the Xinyang incident and used the evaluation method of "not committing the same error twice". After reading it, Zhang Yingao didn't care whether Chen Shaoyu was happy or not, and nodded in praise, "So 'not committing the same error twice' actually means this. It doesn't mean not making the same mistake a second time, but knowing that after making a mistake, one doesn't cover it up. The article believes that making mistakes is inevitable, and repeatedly making the same mistake is the norm. But one should admit mistakes frankly and accept punishment for them. Never cover up mistakes, and certainly don't commit new mistakes to cover up the second one. With this connection, 'not shifting anger' also follows logically."
Zhang Yingao was quite in favor of this. If the seed problem could be treated scientifically, it would naturally be impossible to cause a complete crop failure. Even if taking a step back, it was really due to climate and other problems leading to large-scale production reduction or even total failure, what does that have to do with the Xinyang cadres? No one thinks the Xinyang cadres have to be responsible for the weather. Even if they were wrong, if they could stop immediately and report the problem practically and realistically, it would just be an unscientific mistake. Now the matter has turned into deceiving superiors and deluding subordinates, wallowing in the mire together. Even the three cadres who voted against it were punished with the same crime for knowing about it but not reporting it. The two sets of leadership teams were all removed from their posts.
"Those three who didn't report are somewhat pitiful." Zhang Yingao had some sympathy for these three people.
Chen Shaoyu sneered: "What's pitiful about them? After the crop failure in Xinyang, tens of millions of jin of rice were lost, along with the seeds, pesticides, fertilizers, and labor invested earlier. How much is this worth? Selling both sets of leadership teams, how much would that be worth? I say these three are even more detestable! Others made mistakes knowingly, but they didn't make mistakes, yet they covered for those who did! Are they standing on the side of the Party, on the side of the people, or on the side of their own small clique?"
Zhang Yingao felt a bit unhappy in his heart. Once reported, one becomes a traitor to the group. This is just like reporting to the teacher; it can never be approved by classmates. How can a traitor face his comrades? However, after this most common thought ended, Zhang Yingao felt that Chen Shaoyu made sense. If standing on the side of the Party and the people, these people knowing and not reporting was a betrayal of the people. As students of the Political Department, they knew what kind of end would come from standing on the opposite side of the people. Even if the people might not have the power to punish these people, the Party organization would absolutely not let them off.
Because he felt his consciousness was not as good as Chen Shaoyu's, Zhang Yingao couldn't help but ask with a bit of dissatisfaction: "Then why do you think it's wrong for the newspaper to use Confucius's words?"
"The Kong family hasn't been anything good for thousands of years. As soon as the master changes, look at how their family immediately goes up to lick like pug dogs. A few years ago, the Kong family saw that our People's Party won the world, and immediately went up to lick. Fortunately, Chairman Chen and the others were smart and immediately scolded the Kong family back. They also exposed all the dirty things they did. At least Confucius knew the distinction between Hua and Yi. The Kong family licked the Mongol Yuan, licked the Manchu Qing. Where is there a single shred of their ancestor's bloodliness?" Chen Shaoyu said with a sneer, "I say, just tear down the Confucius Temple directly. What's the use of keeping such a place that hides dirt? The Yue Fei Temple in Hangzhou has the kneeling statue of Qin Hui. The traitorous descendants of the Kong family should also be set up as statues in front of the Confucius Temple!"
Zhang Yingao was from the Law Department, and these debates were his forte. Seeing Chen Shaoyu actually say such radical words, Zhang Yingao retorted with a bit of smugness: "Hasn't this already been exposed? Besides, the newspaper also said that descendants can bear the sins of their ancestors, but you can't reverse it and let the ancestors bear the sins of the descendants. If those people fell into Confucius's hands, Confucius would have personally executed these unfilial descendants long ago."
"Confucius isn't any good bird either! 'The father conceals the misconduct of the son, and the son conceals the misconduct of the father. Uprightness is to be found in this.' What good thing can say such words?" Chen Shaoyu said angrily.
"You can't say that." Zhang Yingao was a law major, and he immediately denied Chen Shaoyu from the Political Department. "Secretary Xu Dian specifically used this as an example. Father concealing for son, and son concealing for father is the most instinctive reaction. We must do things practically and realistically. So legally, we cannot force the relatives of the suspect to actively testify against the suspect. We must create an environment for telling the truth, not force others to lie. Work must avoid being simple and crude."
"You're talking nonsense!" Chen Shaoyu already realized he accidentally fell into Zhang Yingao's trick, but he refused to admit he was wrong, and instead tried to stick to his own idea to the end. "Standards must be consistent, that is equality! Artificially creating inequality is finding excuses and reasons for the exploiting class's set of filial piety! The old exploiting class used this stuff to fool the masses, are we also going to use this stuff to fool the masses?"
Zhang Yingao frowned. Chen Shaoyu's attack was really excessive, and raising this issue to such a level of principle, Zhang Yingao felt he had to accept the challenge.
Just as a debate was about to begin, a student rushed in waving a newspaper, "Damn it! Japanese devils are slaughtering overseas Chinese in Japan! Beat these bastards!"
Internal contradictions among the people were instantly suppressed by the contradictions between the enemy and us with foreign countries. The students in the classroom crowded around, wanting to see the news earlier. Helplessly, there were too many people, crowded inside and out, so no one could see clearly. "Literature and Art Commissioner, read the newspaper!" Chen Shaoyu shouted loudly.
The Literature and Art Commissioner pulled the newspaper out of the crowd and read aloud with an expression of excitement and pride: "In the Great Tokyo Earthquake in Japan, Japan slaughtered nearly six hundred of our overseas Chinese in Japan. Moreover, Japanese victims, incited by certain forces, attacked our transport ships delivering relief supplies and picking up our overseas Chinese in Japan..."
A buzzing sound immediately erupted from the crowd. The trace of self-satisfaction in the Literature and Art Commissioner's heart flew to the nine heavens. He shook his head and looked at the newspaper again, wanting to see if he had read the wrong words. At this time, curses were already constant in the classroom.
"Kill all Japanese!"
"Japanese go die!"
"What kind of things are they!"
...
Seeking peace through struggle, peace survives; seeking peace through compromise, peace dies. The Central Committee of the People's Party has always treated problems this way. So after Chen Ke received the latest intelligence, he immediately ordered it to be published in the newspaper. Even in the Standing Committee meeting of the Political Bureau, the overall reaction was definitely not gentler than the young students. Moreover, if judged by the age standards of later generations, the Political Bureau members were all "young and middle-aged," not yet reached middle age.
"It seems we can't avoid fighting this war." Xu Dian, the only student in the Political Bureau who had studied in Japan, spoke first. "It is absolutely impossible for Japan to show weakness to us."
Zhang Yu sneered: "Whether they show weakness is no longer the question. Will the Japanese hand over the mastermind to us? That's simply impossible. Chairman Chen, are we going to fight?"
With these two Standing Committee members taking the lead, other committee members didn't want to make any excuses for Japan at all. Everyone looked at Chen Ke.
Chen Ke replied: "Preparations for attacking the Lyuda (Lushun-Dalian) area have long been completed. The troops are just waiting for orders. Moreover, the evacuation work has been completed, and all our personnel have returned to the country. I now propose to immediately recover Lyuda. What are the comrades' views?"
All Standing Committee members immediately expressed agreement.
"Then I will give orders to the Military Commission now!" Chen Ke said, slightly gritting his teeth. He thought that with Japan's indecisive virtue, they would at least be more careful. He didn't expect Japan's control over the country to have reached such a weak level. Chen Ke didn't want to figure out who gave the order to attack the Chinese evacuation personnel anymore, nor did he want to send any protest to the Japanese government. If heaven gives and you don't take, you will be blamed. Now the best excuse to recover Lyuda has arrived, giving up would be foolish.
The full name of the Lyuda area should be the Lushun-Dalian area. This area was territory forcibly leased by the Tsarist government as the base for the main force of the Russian Pacific Fleet according to an agreement with China (1898).
Lushun Port is surrounded by mountains, with Golden Mountain to the east and Tiger Tail Peninsula to the west. The terrain is precipitous. Tsarist Russia occupied this ice-free port in 1898. To maintain this window for Tsarist Russia in Asia, Tsarist Russia spent a full 2 years on geographical exploration and design. It decided to spend 30 million rubles to build Lushun into an impregnable fortress.
The construction of Lushun fortifications (designed by Colonel Velichko) began in 1901, but progress was slow. 60,000 Chinese workers and Tsarist Russian technicians spent 4 years building more than 40 fortress groups and more than 70 artillery batteries. All fortresses and batteries were protected by barbed wire, traps, landmines, and a large number of infantry bunkers. The forward positions were Dagushan, Xiaogushan, and 203 Highlands. By January 1904, only 116 of the 552 cannons (108 on the coastal front, 8 on the land front) were ready.
When Japan captured the Lushun Fortress, the "God of War" Nogi Maresuke was pitted by the Army Ministry. The intelligence given to him was completely irrelevant. The Japanese Army had less than 50,000 men, while the Russian troops in the modernized Lushun Fortress were also more than 50,000, and the Russian troops had a great advantage in the number of cannons. According to World War I standards, the Japanese army should have at least 3 times the troops, 6 times the firepower, and 18 times the ammunition to attack.
Troop strength was actually not dominant, and firepower was even less dominant. Nogi Maresuke could only play human bullet attacks, trying to fill the fortress with the flesh and blood of the Japanese army. Then Japan suffered heavy losses in Lushun. Japan suffered 60,000 casualties, with nearly 40,000 dead.
After Japan occupied Lushun, they built the Lushun Fortress desperately. Especially after the People's Party demanded that Japan withdraw from the Lyuda area, Japan strengthened the defensive forces in the Lyuda area. Now there are three divisions and 60,000 people stuffed inside the Lushun Fortress. Moreover, the Japanese army also had the experience of integrated land and sea defense warfare in the Battle of Lushun. So Japan itself declared that Lushun is an impregnable fortress.
Since July, the People's Party has organized the masses in the Lyuda area to evacuate from the local area. Now there are basically no Chinese in the Lyuda area, and the war can be carried out recklessly. The aircraft of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army fly over the Lyuda area every day for reconnaissance, and intelligence gathering work is extremely effective. The war has long been carried out dozens of times on paper. The troops established similar terrain and conducted multiple live-fire exercises. The war preparations of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army can be described as sufficient.
On the evening of September 26, Mu Husan had already arrived at the front-line command post. The telegram had long been sent to the troops. Seeing the deputy commander of the campaign Mu Husan in place, Mi Feng, commander of the Southern Military Region of the Northeast Military Region, breathed a sigh of relief.
"Commander Mu, using special shells this time, isn't the Military Commission afraid of Japanese retaliation?" What Mi Feng cared about most was this matter.
Mu Husan replied: "Chairman Chen said, this is used on our own territory, no need to worry about any foreign evaluation. Moreover, for a country like Japan, the more they know we have this ability, the more they understand our determination to use this weapon, the less they dare to use it against us."
As a commander of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army, Mi Feng, like other commanders, never doubted the views of Chen Ke, the creator of this army. However, this view was a bit too stimulating. Mi Feng grinned, "Thinking about it this way, aren't the Japanese cheap people?"
Mu Husan was not excited. He replied: "I asked the same thing. Chairman Chen said that some Japanese are not cheap people from a personal point of view, but most of these people are not in the Japanese high-level. In addition, have you already issued an ultimatum to the Japanese garrison in the Lyuda area?"
"It has already been issued, requiring them to withdraw from the Lyuda area before September 27, or hand over their weapons for us to supervise them." Mi Feng replied.
Mu Husan asked: "Commander Mi, if you and I were defending this place, would we wait for death here?"
"Uh?" Mi Feng was stunned, "If the Military Commission insists that we defend to the death, then I will defend to the death. But in any case, I don't think we should defend to the death like this."
Mu Husan replied: "So Chairman Chen's judgment that the Japanese are cheap people is correct. Not considering the overall situation, not considering victory or defeat, only considering face, they are inferior even to cheap people. Prepare to attack!"
At 11:05 PM on September 26, 1923, the rocket artillery group of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army slowly raised their muzzles at several launch sites prepared long ago. In terms of accuracy, large-caliber heavy artillery is undoubtedly much better than rocket artillery. However, even with the introduction of gun steel technology from Germany, the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army still failed to wait for its own large-caliber artillery group. The gun steel technology was used by civilian departments. First, synthetic ammonia did need research in this area. Second, the digestion and absorption of gun steel technology also took time. So the number of heavy guns above 155 caliber is really negligible.
However, in terms of caliber, destructive power, and rate of fire, rocket artillery is the first choice for saturation fire. For a place like Lushun Fortress with solid facilities, compact layout, and concentrated defensive forces, the killing effect of rocket artillery is much better. More importantly, rocket artillery is easy to build.
At 0:05 AM on September 27, the artillery commanders who had already synchronized their watches before departure watched the fluorescent dots of the hands on their watches reach the specified time for the campaign. Everyone issued the order to their comrades, "Fire"!
In the next instant, patches of fire dragons dragging long red-orange tails, like meteor showers, flew towards the direction of Lushun Fortress.