Chapter 166: Space Race 3
Volume 6: Rising and Falling · Chapter 166
In the fierce space race, both the United States and the Soviet Union regarded the development of electronic technology as the fulcrum supporting space technology. In contrast, in China's technology tree plan, the priority of space technology was ranked after electronic technology, which had more civilian foundations. This did not begin when China determined its artificial satellite plan, nor did it begin when China started the Second Industrial Revolution under the leadership of the People's Party. It stemmed from something even earlier.
The People's Party had established its own Calculation Bureau as early as 1907, engaging in professional data calculation work. Starting after World War I, they recruited mathematicians from all over the world to work and lecture in China. Especially during the Great Depression, China made tremendous progress in engineering mathematics.
Poland has always claimed that it made huge contributions to the development of human space and electronic technology, and in a sense, the Polish view cannot be completely denied. This is not because Copernicus proposed the heliocentric theory, but because after the 1920s, many Polish mathematicians and applied mathematics personnel who could not find jobs were attracted to China by generous remuneration. At that time, first-rate European mathematicians did not think there was any future in China, so Polish mathematicians, who were considered second-rate or third-rate in Europe, found a livelihood there.
The science of mathematics is called a "game of geniuses." Mathematical geniuses can certainly exert amazing power in first-rate industrial countries, but mathematical geniuses are not necessarily born only in first-rate industrial countries. For China's mathematical system, which was still quite backward at the time, these Polish technical personnel indeed provided significant help.
Of course, the Poles would not mention that after the outbreak of World War II, these Polish personnel went to the UK to join the Polish government-in-exile. Moreover, China also purposefully excluded foreigners from China's core technology fields. Specifically in the space and electronics fields, how great the contribution of Polish mathematicians really was is open to debate.
With a mathematical foundation and a large amount of practice in application fields, China's mathematics field developed extremely fast. After the United States and the Soviet Union were stimulated by China to quickly pull up their own space development teams and began to invest huge resources, China's space research seemed to "lack stamina." The Soviet Union and the United States both vigorously began a large number of launch experiments, accumulating their own experience amidst a large number of successes and failures. At that time, Europe was still recovering. Britain and France both established their own project teams, but could only conduct paper research; they did not have enough economic strength to participate in such a grand competition.
Germany once possessed the world's mature ballistic missile technology, but that was only "once." After the plunder of German talent by Britain, the US, and the Soviet Union, coupled with the stipulation that Germany was not allowed to possess weapons of mass destruction, it was fundamentally impossible for Germany to enter this field again.
In July 1955, the Soviet Union took the lead in launching a satellite, and in December, the United States also successfully launched its own artificial satellite. It was just that regardless of size or technology, their satellites could not compare with China's geostationary orbit satellites.
From 1951 to 1955, the Chinese side conducted its own research with a launch frequency of less than 12 times per year. In terms of the number of launches, China lagged far behind the United States and the Soviet Union.